How Religion and Politics Are Intertwined in Japan

Some say that Japan isn’t religious. You wouldn’t conclude that by looking at the country’s political parties, though.

Picture: Canva

By Kristina Rin Fujikake

When people talk about religion and politics in Japan, they often call the country “secular” or even “atheist.” Surveys back this up. Around 70 percent of Japanese people describe themselves as mushūkyō (non-religious).

Yet this reflects a gap in definitions, not an absence of practice.

The concept behind the word shūkyō was imported from the West in the 19th century, tied to churches and doctrine. In Japan, religion is lived more through practice than formal affiliation. New Year shrine visits, Buddhist funerals, and local festivals remain widespread. What looks secular is often ritual by another name.

Politics offers another counter to the “Japan is atheist” claim. Even after World War II, religious groups played a role in democracy. They mobilized votes, backed political allies, and shaped constitutional debates. Let’s take a closer look at their sometimes stabilizing, sometimes even controversial influence on Japanese politics.

For background on Japan’s political parties and the issues they champion, read Japan’s Political Parties Explained: Who They Are, What They Stand For first.